PiDP-8/I Software

Hex Artifact Content
Log In

Artifact 93a097974e70d09f68208791a9511fb695755bb0:

Wiki page [Home] by tangent 2019-05-11 15:19:35.
0000: 44 20 32 30 31 39 2d 30 35 2d 31 31 54 31 35 3a  D 2019-05-11T15:
0010: 31 39 3a 33 35 2e 33 38 30 0a 4c 20 48 6f 6d 65  19:35.380.L Home
0020: 0a 4e 20 74 65 78 74 2f 78 2d 6d 61 72 6b 64 6f  .N text/x-markdo
0030: 77 6e 0a 50 20 36 37 61 66 64 64 66 61 33 39 63  wn.P 67afddfa39c
0040: 35 64 33 31 30 36 33 33 31 36 36 66 31 61 33 66  5d310633166f1a3f
0050: 31 63 62 64 34 63 64 39 31 62 39 66 36 0a 55 20  1cbd4cd91b9f6.U 
0060: 74 61 6e 67 65 6e 74 0a 57 20 31 33 39 32 33 0a  tangent.W 13923.
0070: 23 20 57 68 61 74 20 49 74 20 49 73 0d 0a 0d 0a  # What It Is....
0080: 54 68 69 73 20 72 65 70 6f 73 69 74 6f 72 79 20  This repository 
0090: 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 20 5b  is the current [
00a0: 6f 66 66 69 63 69 61 6c 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73 3a  official](https:
00b0: 2f 2f 67 72 6f 75 70 73 2e 67 6f 6f 67 6c 65 2e  //groups.google.
00c0: 63 6f 6d 2f 64 2f 6d 73 67 2f 70 69 64 70 2d 38  com/d/msg/pidp-8
00d0: 2f 56 58 74 39 31 34 61 41 74 74 67 2f 45 36 45  /VXt914aAttg/E6E
00e0: 43 47 30 4b 4c 43 41 41 4a 29 20 50 69 44 50 2d  CG0KLCAAJ) PiDP-
00f0: 38 2f 49 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 64 65 76  8/I software dev
0100: 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 6e 65 78 75 73 2e 20  elopment nexus. 
0110: 48 65 72 65 20 77 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 65  Here we continue
0120: 20 64 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 20   development of 
0130: 74 68 65 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 66 72 6f  the software fro
0140: 6d 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 73 74 20 73 74 61 62 6c  m the last stabl
0150: 65 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 76 65 72 73 69  e software versi
0160: 6f 6e 20 70 75 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 6f 6e 20  on published on 
0170: 74 68 65 20 5b 6b 69 74 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61  the [kit informa
0180: 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 69 74 65 5d 28 68 74 74 70 3a  tion site](http:
0190: 2f 2f 6f 62 73 6f 6c 65 73 63 65 6e 63 65 2e 77  //obsolescence.w
01a0: 69 78 73 69 74 65 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 6f 62 73 6f 6c  ixsite.com/obsol
01b0: 65 73 63 65 6e 63 65 2f 70 69 64 70 2d 38 2d 64  escence/pidp-8-d
01c0: 65 74 61 69 6c 73 29 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 73 6f  etails). This so
01d0: 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 73 20 69  ftware differs i
01e0: 6e 20 5b 73 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20 6d 61 6a 6f 72  n [several major
01f0: 20 77 61 79 73 5d 28 2f 77 69 6b 69 3f 6e 61 6d   ways](/wiki?nam
0200: 65 3d 4d 61 6a 6f 72 2b 44 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e  e=Major+Differen
0210: 63 65 73 29 20 61 6e 64 20 5b 64 6f 7a 65 6e 73  ces) and [dozens
0220: 20 6f 66 20 6d 69 6e 6f 72 20 77 61 79 73 5d 5b   of minor ways][
0230: 63 6c 5d 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 61 74 20 6f 6c  cl] from that ol
0240: 64 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d  d software......
0250: 0a 23 20 3c 61 20 6e 61 6d 65 3d 22 73 72 63 22  .# <a name="src"
0260: 3e 3c 2f 61 3e 47 65 74 74 69 6e 67 20 53 74 61  ></a>Getting Sta
0270: 72 74 65 64 3a 20 53 6f 75 72 63 65 20 43 6f 64  rted: Source Cod
0280: 65 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68 65 20 65 66 66 69 63 69 65  e....The efficie
0290: 6e 74 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 20 74 6f 20 67 65 74  nt method to get
02a0: 20 73 74 61 72 74 65 64 20 69 73 20 74 6f 20 69   started is to i
02b0: 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 6f 66 74  nstall this soft
02c0: 77 61 72 65 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 6e 20 65 78 69  ware into an exi
02d0: 73 74 69 6e 67 20 5b 52 61 73 70 62 69 61 6e 5d  sting [Raspbian]
02e0: 28 68 74 74 70 73 3a 2f 2f 77 77 77 2e 72 61 73  (https://www.ras
02f0: 70 62 65 72 72 79 70 69 2e 6f 72 67 2f 64 6f 77  pberrypi.org/dow
0300: 6e 6c 6f 61 64 73 2f 72 61 73 70 62 69 61 6e 2f  nloads/raspbian/
0310: 29 20 69 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f  ) installation o
0320: 6e 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 79  n the Pi which y
0330: 6f 75 20 61 72 65 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 77 69 74  ou are using wit
0340: 68 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 62  h the PiDP-8/I b
0350: 6f 61 72 64 2e 20 49 74 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 77 6f  oard. It also wo
0360: 72 6b 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 5b 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f  rks with [some o
0370: 74 68 65 72 20 4f 53 65 73 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73  ther OSes](https
0380: 3a 2f 2f 74 61 6e 67 65 6e 74 73 6f 66 74 2e 63  ://tangentsoft.c
0390: 6f 6d 2f 70 69 64 70 38 69 2f 77 69 6b 69 3f 6e  om/pidp8i/wiki?n
03a0: 61 6d 65 3d 4f 53 2b 43 6f 6d 70 61 74 69 62 69  ame=OS+Compatibi
03b0: 6c 69 74 79 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 59 6f 75 20 63 61  lity).....You ca
03c0: 6e 20 64 6f 77 6e 6c 6f 61 64 20 74 68 65 20 6c  n download the l
03d0: 61 74 65 73 74 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 e2 80  atest release â€
03e0: 94 20 63 75 74 20 6f 6e 20 32 30 31 39 2e 30 34  ” cut on 2019.04
03f0: 2e 32 35 20 e2 80 94 20 61 73 20 5b 61 20 5a 69  .25 — as [a Zi
0400: 70 20 61 72 63 68 69 76 65 5d 28 2f 7a 69 70 2f  p archive](/zip/
0410: 70 69 64 70 38 69 2d 76 32 30 31 39 2e 30 34 2e  pidp8i-v2019.04.
0420: 32 35 2e 7a 69 70 3f 72 3d 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65  25.zip?r=release
0430: 29 20 6f 72 20 5b 61 20 74 61 72 62 61 6c 6c 5d  ) or [a tarball]
0440: 28 2f 74 61 72 62 61 6c 6c 2f 70 69 64 70 38 69  (/tarball/pidp8i
0450: 2d 76 32 30 31 39 2e 30 34 2e 32 35 2e 74 61 72  -v2019.04.25.tar
0460: 2e 67 7a 3f 72 3d 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 29 2e 20  .gz?r=release). 
0470: 28 41 62 6f 75 74 20 2a 2a 37 2e 35 20 4d 42 2a  (About **7.5 MB*
0480: 2a 20 65 61 63 68 2e 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 49 66 20 79  * each.)....If y
0490: 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 68 65 20 62 6c 65 65  ou want the blee
04a0: 64 69 6e 67 20 65 64 67 65 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f  ding edge versio
04b0: 6e 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 65 69 74 68 65  n, you can eithe
04c0: 72 20 63 68 65 63 6b 20 69 74 20 6f 75 74 20 66  r check it out f
04d0: 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 46 6f 73 73 69 6c 20 73  rom the Fossil s
04e0: 6f 75 72 63 65 20 63 6f 64 65 20 72 65 70 6f 73  ource code repos
04f0: 69 74 6f 72 79 20 70 6f 77 65 72 69 6e 67 20 74  itory powering t
0500: 68 69 73 20 77 65 62 20 73 69 74 65 20 62 79 20  his web site by 
0510: 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e  following the in
0520: 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 69 6e 20 5b 74  structions in [t
0530: 68 65 20 68 61 63 6b 65 72 73 27 20 67 75 69 64  he hackers' guid
0540: 65 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 48 41  e](/doc/trunk/HA
0550: 43 4b 45 52 53 2e 6d 64 29 20 6f 72 20 79 6f 75  CKERS.md) or you
0560: 20 63 61 6e 20 73 69 6d 70 6c 79 20 64 6f 77 6e   can simply down
0570: 6c 6f 61 64 20 74 68 65 20 74 69 70 20 6f 66 20  load the tip of 
0580: 74 72 75 6e 6b 20 61 73 20 5b 61 20 5a 69 70 20  trunk as [a Zip 
0590: 61 72 63 68 69 76 65 5d 28 2f 7a 69 70 2f 70 69  archive](/zip/pi
05a0: 64 70 38 69 2d 74 72 75 6e 6b 2e 7a 69 70 29 20  dp8i-trunk.zip) 
05b0: 6f 72 20 5b 61 20 74 61 72 62 61 6c 6c 5d 28 2f  or [a tarball](/
05c0: 74 61 72 62 61 6c 6c 2f 70 69 64 70 38 69 2d 74  tarball/pidp8i-t
05d0: 72 75 6e 6b 2e 74 61 72 2e 67 7a 29 2e 0d 0a 0d  runk.tar.gz)....
05e0: 0a 53 65 65 20 5b 74 68 65 20 60 52 45 41 44 4d  .See [the `READM
05f0: 45 2e 6d 64 60 20 66 69 6c 65 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63  E.md` file](/doc
0600: 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 52 45 41 44 4d 45 2e 6d 64  /trunk/README.md
0610: 29 20 66 6f 72 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 69 6e 66 6f 72  ) for more infor
0620: 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 68 6f 77 20 74 6f  mation on how to
0630: 20 69 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 6e   install this in
0640: 74 6f 20 79 6f 75 72 20 65 78 69 73 74 69 6e 67  to your existing
0650: 20 52 61 73 70 62 65 72 72 79 20 50 69 20 4f 53   Raspberry Pi OS
0660: 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 20 3c 61 20 6e 61 6d 65  .......# <a name
0670: 3d 22 62 6f 73 69 22 3e 3c 2f 61 3e 47 65 74 74  ="bosi"></a>Gett
0680: 69 6e 67 20 53 74 61 72 74 65 64 3a 20 42 69 6e  ing Started: Bin
0690: 61 72 79 20 4f 53 20 49 6d 61 67 65 73 0d 0a 0d  ary OS Images...
06a0: 0a 54 68 6f 73 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 70 6c 65 6e  .Those with plen
06b0: 74 79 20 6f 66 20 49 6e 74 65 72 6e 65 74 20 62  ty of Internet b
06c0: 61 6e 64 77 69 64 74 68 20 61 6e 64 20 61 20 6d  andwidth and a m
06d0: 69 63 72 6f 20 53 44 20 63 61 72 64 20 74 68 65  icro SD card the
06e0: 79 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 6d 69 6e 64 20 6f 76 65  y don't mind ove
06f0: 72 77 72 69 74 69 6e 67 20 6d 61 79 20 70 72 65  rwriting may pre
0700: 66 65 72 20 74 6f 20 64 6f 77 6e 6c 6f 61 64 20  fer to download 
0710: 74 68 65 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 68 6f 73  the software hos
0720: 74 65 64 20 68 65 72 65 20 69 6e 20 62 69 6e 61  ted here in bina
0730: 72 79 20 4f 53 20 69 6d 61 67 65 20 66 6f 72 6d  ry OS image form
0740: 2e 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 74 77 6f 20  . There are two 
0750: 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 65 61 63 68 20 62  versions, each b
0760: 61 73 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 52 61 73 70 62 69 61 6e  ased on Raspbian
0770: 20 53 74 72 65 74 63 68 20 4c 69 74 65 20 61 6e   Stretch Lite an
0780: 64 20 65 61 63 68 20 72 6f 75 67 68 6c 79 20 2a  d each roughly *
0790: 2a 35 30 30 20 4d 42 2a 2a 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 2e  *500 MB**:....1.
07a0: 20 5b 4d 75 6c 74 69 2d 63 6f 72 65 20 76 65 72   [Multi-core ver
07b0: 73 69 6f 6e 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73 3a 2f 2f 74 61  sion](https://ta
07c0: 6e 67 65 6e 74 73 6f 66 74 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 64 6c  ngentsoft.com/dl
07d0: 2f 70 69 64 70 38 69 2d 32 30 31 39 2e 30 34 2e  /pidp8i-2019.04.
07e0: 32 35 2d 69 6c 73 2d 73 74 72 65 74 63 68 2d 6c  25-ils-stretch-l
07f0: 69 74 65 2e 69 6d 67 2e 7a 69 70 29 2c 20 76 32  ite.img.zip), v2
0800: 30 31 39 2e 30 34 2e 32 35 20 e2 80 94 20 54 68  019.04.25 — Th
0810: 69 73 20 4f 53 20 69 6d 61 67 65 20 69 73 20 62  is OS image is b
0820: 75 69 6c 74 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 5b 69  uilt with the [i
0830: 6e 63 61 6e 64 65 73 63 65 6e 74 20 6c 61 6d 70  ncandescent lamp
0840: 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 5d 28 77 69 6b 69   simulator](wiki
0850: 3f 6e 61 6d 65 3d 49 6e 63 61 6e 64 65 73 63 65  ?name=Incandesce
0860: 6e 74 2b 4c 61 6d 70 2b 53 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f  nt+Lamp+Simulato
0870: 72 29 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 77 6f  r) which only wo
0880: 72 6b 73 20 70 72 6f 70 65 72 6c 79 20 6f 6e 20  rks properly on 
0890: 74 68 65 20 6d 75 6c 74 69 2d 63 6f 72 65 20 52  the multi-core R
08a0: 61 73 70 62 65 72 72 79 20 50 69 20 32 20 61 6e  aspberry Pi 2 an
08b0: 64 20 33 20 62 6f 61 72 64 73 2e 20 28 41 6c 6c  d 3 boards. (All
08c0: 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 73 2e 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20   models.)....   
08d0: 20 49 74 20 74 61 6b 65 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20   It takes about 
08e0: 6f 6e 65 20 61 6e 64 20 61 20 68 61 6c 66 20 6f  one and a half o
08f0: 66 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 75 72 20 61 76 61 69 6c  f the four avail
0900: 61 62 6c 65 20 43 50 55 20 63 6f 72 65 73 20 6f  able CPU cores o
0910: 6e 20 61 20 50 69 20 33 42 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20  n a Pi 3B while 
0920: 72 75 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 2a 32  running about *2
0930: 34 26 74 69 6d 65 73 3b 2a 20 66 61 73 74 65 72  4&times;* faster
0940: 20 74 68 61 6e 20 61 20 72 65 61 6c 20 50 44 50   than a real PDP
0950: 2d 38 2f 49 2e 20 49 20 64 6f 20 6e 6f 74 20 6b  -8/I. I do not k
0960: 6e 6f 77 20 74 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 73 20  now the numbers 
0970: 66 6f 72 20 61 20 50 69 20 32 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 32  for a Pi 2.....2
0980: 2e 20 5b 53 69 6e 67 6c 65 2d 63 6f 72 65 20 76  . [Single-core v
0990: 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73 3a 2f 2f  ersion](https://
09a0: 74 61 6e 67 65 6e 74 73 6f 66 74 2e 63 6f 6d 2f  tangentsoft.com/
09b0: 64 6c 2f 70 69 64 70 38 69 2d 32 30 31 39 2e 30  dl/pidp8i-2019.0
09c0: 34 2e 32 35 2d 6e 6c 73 2d 73 74 72 65 74 63 68  4.25-nls-stretch
09d0: 2d 6c 69 74 65 2e 69 6d 67 2e 7a 69 70 29 2c 20  -lite.img.zip), 
09e0: 76 32 30 31 39 2e 30 34 2e 32 35 20 e2 80 94 20  v2019.04.25 — 
09f0: 46 6f 72 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 72 75 6e 6e 69 6e  For those runnin
0a00: 67 20 6f 6e 20 52 61 73 70 62 65 72 72 79 20 50  g on Raspberry P
0a10: 69 20 4d 6f 64 65 6c 20 41 2b 20 61 6e 64 20 42  i Model A+ and B
0a20: 2b 20 62 6f 61 72 64 73 20 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20  + boards or the 
0a30: 50 69 20 5a 65 72 6f 2c 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 6c  Pi Zero, this al
0a40: 74 65 72 6e 61 74 69 76 65 20 64 6f 77 6e 6c 6f  ternative downlo
0a50: 61 64 20 64 69 73 61 62 6c 65 73 20 74 68 65 20  ad disables the 
0a60: 49 4c 53 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 2e 20 49 74 20  ILS feature. It 
0a70: 61 6c 73 6f 20 73 6c 6f 77 73 20 74 68 65 20 73  also slows the s
0a80: 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 20 64 6f 77 6e 20 73 6f  imulator down so
0a90: 20 69 74 20 75 73 65 73 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 61 62   it uses only ab
0aa0: 6f 75 74 20 68 61 6c 66 20 74 68 65 20 61 76 61  out half the ava
0ab0: 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 43 50 55 20 70 6f 77 65 72  ilable CPU power
0ac0: 20 74 6f 20 6c 65 61 76 65 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 68   to leave some h
0ad0: 6f 73 74 20 43 50 55 20 70 6f 77 65 72 20 66 6f  ost CPU power fo
0ae0: 72 20 62 61 63 6b 67 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 61 73  r background tas
0af0: 6b 73 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 73 20  ks. This allows 
0b00: 69 74 20 74 6f 20 72 75 6e 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20  it to run PDP-8 
0b10: 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 72 6f 75 67 68 6c 79  software roughly
0b20: 20 2a 33 26 74 69 6d 65 73 3b 2a 20 61 73 20 66   *3&times;* as f
0b30: 61 73 74 20 61 73 20 61 20 72 65 61 6c 20 50 44  ast as a real PD
0b40: 50 2d 38 2f 49 2c 20 64 65 70 65 6e 64 69 6e 67  P-8/I, depending
0b50: 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 6f 66   on the speed of
0b60: 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 20 79 6f 75 20 72 75 6e 20   the Pi you run 
0b70: 69 74 20 6f 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 54 68  it on.....    Th
0b80: 69 73 20 69 6d 61 67 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 6c  is image will al
0b90: 73 6f 20 72 75 6e 20 6f 6e 20 61 20 6d 75 6c 74  so run on a mult
0ba0: 69 2d 63 6f 72 65 20 50 69 2e 20 49 74 20 77 69  i-core Pi. It wi
0bb0: 6c 6c 20 72 75 6e 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 73 6f 66  ll run PDP-8 sof
0bc0: 74 77 61 72 65 20 73 6c 6f 77 65 72 20 74 68 61  tware slower tha
0bd0: 6e 20 74 68 65 20 49 4c 53 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f  n the ILS versio
0be0: 6e 2c 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 69 74 20 77 69 6c 6c  n, since it will
0bf0: 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 62 65 20 61 66 66 65 63 74 65   also be affecte
0c00: 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e 74 65 6e 74 69  d by the intenti
0c10: 6f 6e 61 6c 20 35 30 25 20 43 50 55 20 75 73 61  onal 50% CPU usa
0c20: 67 65 20 6c 69 6d 69 74 2c 20 62 75 74 20 62 65  ge limit, but be
0c30: 63 61 75 73 65 20 65 61 63 68 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f  cause each one o
0c40: 66 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 63 6f 72 65 73 20 61 72  f those cores ar
0c50: 65 20 66 61 73 74 65 72 20 74 68 61 6e 20 61 20  e faster than a 
0c60: 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 2d 63 6f 72 65 20 50 69 20 61  single-core Pi a
0c70: 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 63 6f 72  nd the other cor
0c80: 65 73 20 63 61 6e 20 74 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65 20  es can take the 
0c90: 6c 6f 61 64 20 6f 66 20 62 61 63 6b 67 72 6f 75  load of backgrou
0ca0: 6e 64 20 74 61 73 6b 73 2c 20 69 74 20 73 74 69  nd tasks, it sti
0cb0: 6c 6c 20 6d 61 6e 61 67 65 73 20 74 6f 20 72 75  ll manages to ru
0cc0: 6e 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65  n PDP-8 software
0cd0: 20 72 6f 75 67 68 6c 79 20 2a 31 30 26 74 69 6d   roughly *10&tim
0ce0: 65 73 3b 2a 20 66 61 73 74 65 72 20 74 68 61 6e  es;* faster than
0cf0: 20 61 20 72 65 61 6c 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 2e   a real PDP-8/I.
0d00: 0d 0a 0d 0a 53 65 65 20 74 68 65 20 5b 69 6e 73  ....See the [ins
0d10: 74 61 6c 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75  tallation instru
0d20: 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75  ctions](/doc/tru
0d30: 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 4f 53 2d 69 6d 61 67 65 73  nk/doc/OS-images
0d40: 2e 6d 64 29 20 66 6f 72 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 69 6e  .md) for more in
0d50: 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68  formation.....Th
0d60: 65 20 62 69 6e 61 72 79 20 4f 53 20 72 65 6c 65  e binary OS rele
0d70: 61 73 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 6c 77  ases are not alw
0d80: 61 79 73 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 64 20 77 68 65 6e  ays updated when
0d90: 20 74 68 65 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 20 63 6f 64 65   the source code
0da0: 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 63 75   releases are cu
0db0: 74 2c 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 61  t, since it is a
0dc0: 20 66 61 69 72 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 20 6f 66 20   fair amount of 
0dd0: 77 6f 72 6b 20 74 6f 20 64 6f 20 74 68 6f 73 65  work to do those
0de0: 20 62 69 6e 61 72 79 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 73   binary releases
0df0: 2e 20 41 64 64 72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 74 68 61  . Addressing tha
0e00: 74 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 6f 70 69 63 20 6f  t is the topic o
0e10: 66 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 73 65 63 74 69  f the next secti
0e20: 6f 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 23 20 3c 61 20 6e  on.......## <a n
0e30: 61 6d 65 3d 22 75 70 64 61 74 69 6e 67 22 3e 3c  ame="updating"><
0e40: 2f 61 3e 55 70 64 61 74 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20  /a>Updating the 
0e50: 42 69 6e 61 72 79 20 4f 53 20 52 65 6c 65 61 73  Binary OS Releas
0e60: 65 0d 0a 0d 0a 41 73 20 73 68 69 70 70 65 64 2c  e....As shipped,
0e70: 20 74 68 65 20 62 69 6e 61 72 79 20 4f 53 20 69   the binary OS i
0e80: 6d 61 67 65 73 20 61 62 6f 76 65 20 61 6c 73 6f  mages above also
0e90: 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 44   contain the PiD
0ea0: 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 73  P-8/I software s
0eb0: 6f 75 72 63 65 20 63 6f 64 65 20 61 6e 64 20 46  ource code and F
0ec0: 6f 73 73 69 6c 2c 20 74 68 65 20 74 6f 6f 6c 20  ossil, the tool 
0ed0: 74 68 61 74 20 6c 65 74 73 20 79 6f 75 20 64 6f  that lets you do
0ee0: 77 6e 6c 6f 61 64 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 64 20 73  wnload updated s
0ef0: 6f 75 72 63 65 20 63 6f 64 65 20 61 73 20 69 74  ource code as it
0f00: 20 62 65 63 6f 6d 65 73 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62   becomes availab
0f10: 6c 65 2e 20 55 70 64 61 74 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65  le. Updating the
0f20: 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 69 73 20 74 68 65   software is the
0f30: 72 65 66 6f 72 65 20 6d 75 63 68 20 73 69 6d 70  refore much simp
0f40: 6c 65 72 20 74 68 61 6e 20 64 6f 77 6e 6c 6f 61  ler than downloa
0f50: 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 77 68 6f 6c 65 20 4f  ding the whole O
0f60: 53 20 61 6c 6c 20 6f 76 65 72 20 61 67 61 69 6e  S all over again
0f70: 20 61 6e 64 20 6f 76 65 72 77 72 69 74 69 6e 67   and overwriting
0f80: 20 79 6f 75 72 20 70 65 72 66 65 63 74 6c 79 20   your perfectly 
0f90: 67 6f 6f 64 20 53 44 20 63 61 72 64 2e 20 49 66  good SD card. If
0fa0: 20 79 6f 75 20 61 72 65 20 75 70 64 61 74 69 6e   you are updatin
0fb0: 67 20 79 6f 75 72 20 65 78 69 73 74 69 6e 67 20  g your existing 
0fc0: 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 74 6f 20 61 20 6e 65 77  release to a new
0fd0: 65 72 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 76 65 72 73 69  er release versi
0fe0: 6f 6e 2c 20 74 68 69 73 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 3a 0d  on, this works:.
0ff0: 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24 20 63 64 20 7e 2f 70 69  ...    $ cd ~/pi
1000: 64 70 38 69 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24 20 66 6f 73 73  dp8i..    $ foss
1010: 69 6c 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24  il update..    $
1020: 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 72 65 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 0d 0a   make reconfig..
1030: 20 20 20 20 24 20 74 6f 6f 6c 73 2f 6d 6d 61 6b      $ tools/mmak
1040: 65 20 26 26 20 73 75 64 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 69  e && sudo make i
1050: 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24 20 73 75  nstall..    $ su
1060: 64 6f 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 63 74 6c 20 64 61 65  do systemctl dae
1070: 6d 6f 6e 2d 72 65 6c 6f 61 64 0d 0a 20 20 20 20  mon-reload..    
1080: 24 20 70 69 64 70 38 69 20 72 65 73 74 61 72 74  $ pidp8i restart
1090: 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24 20 70 69 64 70 38 69 0d 0a  ..    $ pidp8i..
10a0: 0d 0a 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f  ..If you need to
10b0: 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65   switch from the
10c0: 20 5b 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 62 72 61 6e 63 68   [release branch
10d0: 5d 28 2f 74 69 6d 65 6c 69 6e 65 3f 72 3d 72 65  ](/timeline?r=re
10e0: 6c 65 61 73 65 29 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 62 6c  lease) to the bl
10f0: 65 65 64 69 6e 67 2d 65 64 67 65 20 22 74 72 75  eeding-edge "tru
1100: 6e 6b 22 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 e2 80 94 20  nk" version — 
1110: 73 75 63 68 20 61 73 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20  such as because 
1120: 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 74 72 79 20  you want to try 
1130: 61 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 68 61  a change that ha
1140: 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 79 65 74 20 62 65 65 6e 20 72  s not yet been r
1150: 65 6c 65 61 73 65 64 20 e2 80 94 20 73 69 6d 70  eleased — simp
1160: 6c 79 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 79 20 74 68 65 20 73 65  ly modify the se
1170: 63 6f 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 6c 69 6b  cond command lik
1180: 65 20 73 6f 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24 20 66  e so:....    $ f
1190: 6f 73 73 69 6c 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 20 74 72 75  ossil update tru
11a0: 6e 6b 0d 0a 0d 0a 59 6f 75 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 6e  nk....You only n
11b0: 65 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 62 72 61 6e 63 68 20 61  eed the branch a
11c0: 72 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 60  rgument to the `
11d0: 66 6f 73 73 69 6c 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 60 20 63  fossil update` c
11e0: 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 77 68 65 6e 20 73 77 69 74  ommand when swit
11f0: 63 68 69 6e 67 20 62 72 61 6e 63 68 65 73 2e 20  ching branches. 
1200: 4f 6e 63 65 20 79 6f 75 27 76 65 20 73 77 69 74  Once you've swit
1210: 63 68 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 72 65  ched from the re
1220: 6c 65 61 73 65 20 62 72 61 6e 63 68 20 74 6f 20  lease branch to 
1230: 74 68 65 20 74 72 75 6e 6b 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 64  the trunk, you d
1240: 6f 6e 27 74 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 6b 65 65  on't need to kee
1250: 70 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 79 69 6e 67 20 22 74 72  p specifying "tr
1260: 75 6e 6b 22 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 46 6f 73  unk" because Fos
1270: 73 69 6c 20 6b 65 65 70 73 20 79 6f 75 72 20 63  sil keeps your c
1280: 68 65 63 6b 6f 75 74 20 64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72  heckout director
1290: 79 20 6f 6e 20 61 20 67 69 76 65 6e 20 62 72 61  y on a given bra
12a0: 6e 63 68 20 6f 6e 63 65 20 79 6f 75 27 76 65 20  nch once you've 
12b0: 73 77 69 74 63 68 65 64 20 74 6f 20 69 74 2e 20  switched to it. 
12c0: 54 68 75 73 2c 20 79 6f 75 27 64 20 6f 6e 6c 79  Thus, you'd only
12d0: 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 67 69 76 65 20 61 20   need to give a 
12e0: 62 72 61 6e 63 68 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 77 68 65 6e  branch name when
12f0: 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 69 6e 67 20 62 61 63 6b 20   switching back 
1300: 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 62  to the release b
1310: 72 61 6e 63 68 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 24 20  ranch:....    $ 
1320: 66 6f 73 73 69 6c 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 20 72 65  fossil update re
1330: 6c 65 61 73 65 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68 65 20 61 62 6f  lease....The abo
1340: 76 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 73 20 61 73 73 75  ve commands assu
1350: 6d 65 20 74 79 70 69 63 61 6c 20 73 69 74 75 61  me typical situa
1360: 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 6e 64 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c  tions and defaul
1370: 74 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 2e 20 46 6f 72 20 6d  t options. For m
1380: 6f 72 65 20 61 64 76 61 6e 63 65 64 20 63 61 73  ore advanced cas
1390: 65 73 2c 20 73 65 65 20 5b 74 68 65 20 60 52 45  es, see [the `RE
13a0: 41 44 4d 45 2e 6d 64 60 20 66 69 6c 65 5d 28 2f  ADME.md` file](/
13b0: 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 52 45 41 44 4d 45  doc/trunk/README
13c0: 2e 6d 64 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 23 20 3c 61  .md).......## <a
13d0: 20 69 64 3d 22 6f 73 38 22 3e 3c 2f 61 3e 4f 53   id="os8"></a>OS
13e0: 2f 38 20 52 4b 30 35 20 4d 65 64 69 61 0d 0a 0d  /8 RK05 Media...
13f0: 0a 4f 6e 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 74  .One of the most
1400: 20 74 69 6d 65 20 63 6f 6e 73 75 6d 69 6e 67 20   time consuming 
1410: 73 74 65 70 73 20 69 6e 20 62 75 69 6c 64 69 6e  steps in buildin
1420: 67 20 6f 75 72 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 73  g our PiDP-8/I s
1430: 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 69 73 20 62 75 69 6c 64  oftware is build
1440: 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 4f 53 2f 38 20 52 4b 30  ing the OS/8 RK0
1450: 35 20 64 69 73 6b 20 69 6d 61 67 65 73 20 66 72  5 disk images fr
1460: 6f 6d 20 70 72 69 73 74 69 6e 65 2c 20 74 65 73  om pristine, tes
1470: 74 65 64 2c 20 63 75 72 61 74 65 64 20 73 6f 75  ted, curated sou
1480: 72 63 65 73 2e 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 73 69 6d  rces. If you sim
1490: 70 6c 79 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 73  ply want the res
14a0: 75 6c 74 69 6e 67 20 64 69 73 6b 20 69 6d 61 67  ulting disk imag
14b0: 65 73 2c 20 77 65 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 20 74  es, we provide t
14c0: 68 65 6d 20 68 65 72 65 20 66 6f 72 20 79 6f 75  hem here for you
14d0: 20 74 6f 20 64 6f 77 6e 6c 6f 61 64 3a 0d 0a 0d   to download:...
14e0: 0a 7c 20 42 61 73 65 20 4e 61 6d 65 20 7c 20 43  .| Base Name | C
14f0: 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 0d 0a 7c 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  ontents..| -----
1500: 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 7c 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  ----- | --------
1510: 2d 0d 0a 7c 20 5b 60 62 6f 6f 74 60 5d 28 2f 75  -..| [`boot`](/u
1520: 76 2f 76 33 64 2e 72 6b 30 35 29 20 7c 20 62 6f  v/v3d.rk05) | bo
1530: 6f 74 61 62 6c 65 20 4f 53 2f 38 20 56 33 44 20  otable OS/8 V3D 
1540: 52 4b 30 35 20 64 69 73 6b 20 69 6d 61 67 65 20  RK05 disk image 
1550: 77 69 74 68 20 73 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 20 5b 61  with selected [a
1560: 64 64 2d 6f 6e 73 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75  dd-ons](/doc/tru
1570: 6e 6b 2f 52 45 41 44 4d 45 2e 6d 64 23 64 69 73  nk/README.md#dis
1580: 61 62 6c 65 2d 6f 73 38 29 20 61 6e 64 20 5b 70  able-os8) and [p
1590: 61 74 63 68 65 73 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75  atches](/doc/tru
15a0: 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 6f 73 38 2d 70 61 74 63 68  nk/doc/os8-patch
15b0: 69 6e 67 2e 6d 64 29 0d 0a 7c 20 5b 60 64 69 73  ing.md)..| [`dis
15c0: 74 60 5d 28 2f 75 76 2f 76 33 64 2d 64 69 73 74  t`](/uv/v3d-dist
15d0: 2e 72 6b 30 35 29 20 7c 20 73 61 6d 65 20 61 73  .rk05) | same as
15e0: 20 60 62 6f 6f 74 60 20 62 75 74 20 77 69 74 68   `boot` but with
15f0: 20 4f 53 2f 38 20 69 6e 20 69 74 73 20 61 73 2d   OS/8 in its as-
1600: 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 20 73 74 61 74  distributed stat
1610: 65 3a 20 6e 6f 20 70 61 74 63 68 65 73 2c 20 6e  e: no patches, n
1620: 6f 20 61 64 64 2d 6f 6e 73 0d 0a 7c 20 5b 60 73  o add-ons..| [`s
1630: 72 63 60 5d 28 2f 75 76 2f 76 33 64 2d 73 72 63  rc`](/uv/v3d-src
1640: 2e 72 6b 30 35 29 20 7c 20 6e 6f 6e 2d 62 6f 6f  .rk05) | non-boo
1650: 74 61 62 6c 65 20 64 69 73 6b 20 63 6f 6e 74 61  table disk conta
1660: 69 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e  ining the conten
1670: 74 73 20 6f 66 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 65 6e 20 4f 53  ts of all ten OS
1680: 2f 38 20 56 33 44 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 20 74 61  /8 V3D source ta
1690: 70 65 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68 65 73 65 20 64 69 73  pes....These dis
16a0: 6b 20 69 6d 61 67 65 73 20 77 65 72 65 20 6c 61  k images were la
16b0: 73 74 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 32 30  st updated on 20
16c0: 31 39 2e 30 34 2e 32 35 20 69 6e 20 63 6f 6e 6a  19.04.25 in conj
16d0: 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 74 68 20 5b 74 68  unction with [th
16e0: 65 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 6d 61 64 65 20 61  e release made a
16f0: 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 74 69 6d 65 5d  t the same time]
1700: 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 43 68 61 6e  (/doc/trunk/Chan
1710: 67 65 4c 6f 67 2e 6d 64 23 32 30 31 39 30 34 32  geLog.md#2019042
1720: 35 29 20 61 6e 64 20 73 6f 20 61 72 65 20 63 6f  5) and so are co
1730: 6e 73 69 64 65 72 65 64 20 73 74 61 62 6c 65 2e  nsidered stable.
1740: 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68 65 73 65 20 64 69 73 6b 20 69  ....These disk i
1750: 6d 61 67 65 73 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 77 6f 72  mages should wor
1760: 6b 20 75 6e 64 65 72 20 53 49 4d 48 20 6f 6e 20  k under SIMH on 
1770: 61 6e 79 20 70 6c 61 74 66 6f 72 6d 2c 20 61 6e  any platform, an
1780: 64 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 70 6f 74 65 6e 74 69 61  d could potentia
1790: 6c 6c 79 20 65 76 65 6e 20 62 65 20 77 72 69 74  lly even be writ
17a0: 74 65 6e 20 62 61 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 72 65 61 6c  ten back to real
17b0: 20 52 4b 30 35 20 64 69 73 6b 20 70 61 63 6b 73   RK05 disk packs
17c0: 20 61 6e 64 20 72 75 6e 20 6f 6e 20 61 63 74 75   and run on actu
17d0: 61 6c 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 68 61 72 64 77 61 72  al PDP-8 hardwar
17e0: 65 21 20 4c 65 74 20 75 73 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 68  e! Let us know h
17f0: 6f 77 20 79 6f 75 27 72 65 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20  ow you're using 
1800: 74 68 65 73 65 20 66 69 6c 65 73 20 6f 6e 20 74  these files on t
1810: 68 65 20 5b 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 6d 61 69  he [PiDP-8/I mai
1820: 6c 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 73 74 5d 28 67 72 6f 75 70  ling list](group
1830: 73 2e 67 6f 6f 67 6c 65 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 66 6f 72  s.google.com/for
1840: 75 6d 2f 23 21 66 6f 72 75 6d 2f 70 69 64 70 2d  um/#!forum/pidp-
1850: 38 29 3b 20 77 65 27 72 65 20 63 75 72 69 6f 75  8); we're curiou
1860: 73 20 68 6f 77 20 66 61 72 20 74 68 65 73 65 20  s how far these 
1870: 73 70 72 65 61 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 49 66 20 79 6f  spread.....If yo
1880: 75 20 77 61 6e 74 20 61 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e  u want a version
1890: 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 60 62 69 6e 60 20 64 69   of the `bin` di
18a0: 73 6b 20 69 6d 61 67 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 6e  sk image with an
18b0: 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 61  y of the optiona
18c0: 6c 20 5b 60 2d 2d 65 6e 61 62 6c 65 2d 6f 73 38  l [`--enable-os8
18d0: 2d 2a 60 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f  -*`](/doc/trunk/
18e0: 52 45 41 44 4d 45 2e 6d 64 23 65 6e 61 62 6c 65  README.md#enable
18f0: 2d 6f 73 38 29 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 65  -os8) options se
1900: 74 20 6f 72 20 77 69 74 68 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f  t or with some o
1910: 66 20 74 68 65 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2d 65 6e  f the default-en
1920: 61 62 6c 65 64 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 73 20 73  abled features s
1930: 74 72 69 70 70 65 64 20 6f 75 74 2c 20 79 6f 75  tripped out, you
1940: 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 64 6f   will have to do
1950: 77 6e 6c 6f 61 64 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 6f 66 74  wnload this soft
1960: 77 61 72 65 2c 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 65 20  ware, configure 
1970: 69 74 20 61 73 20 73 75 69 74 73 20 79 6f 75 72  it as suits your
1980: 20 6e 65 65 64 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 62 75 69 6c   needs, and buil
1990: 64 20 69 74 20 79 6f 75 72 73 65 6c 66 2e 20 54  d it yourself. T
19a0: 68 65 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 63 75 72 72  he software curr
19b0: 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 62 75 69 6c 64 73 20 6f 6e 20  ently builds on 
19c0: 5b 73 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65  [several differe
19d0: 6e 74 20 70 6c 61 74 66 6f 72 6d 73 5d 28 2f 77  nt platforms](/w
19e0: 69 6b 69 3f 6e 61 6d 65 3d 4f 53 2b 43 6f 6d 70  iki?name=OS+Comp
19f0: 61 74 69 62 69 6c 69 74 79 29 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20  atibility), not 
1a00: 6a 75 73 74 20 74 68 65 20 52 61 73 70 62 65 72  just the Raspber
1a10: 72 79 20 50 69 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 20 3c 61  ry Pi.......# <a
1a20: 20 6e 61 6d 65 3d 22 6c 65 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 22   name="learning"
1a30: 3e 3c 2f 61 3e 4c 65 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 20 4d 6f  ></a>Learning Mo
1a40: 72 65 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 23 23 20 3c 61 20 6e 61 6d  re....### <a nam
1a50: 65 3d 22 75 70 73 74 72 65 61 6d 22 3e 3c 2f 61  e="upstream"></a
1a60: 3e 4f 66 66 69 63 69 61 6c 20 50 72 6f 6a 65 63  >Official Projec
1a70: 74 20 52 65 73 6f 75 72 63 65 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 4d  t Resources....M
1a80: 75 63 68 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e 66 6f 72  uch of the infor
1a90: 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 4f 73 63 61 72 20  mation on Oscar 
1aa0: 56 65 72 6d 65 75 6c 65 6e 27 73 20 5b 50 69 44  Vermeulen's [PiD
1ab0: 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 20 73 69  P-8/I project si
1ac0: 74 65 5d 28 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 6f 62 73 6f 6c  te](http://obsol
1ad0: 65 73 63 65 6e 63 65 2e 77 69 78 73 69 74 65 2e  escence.wixsite.
1ae0: 63 6f 6d 2f 6f 62 73 6f 6c 65 73 63 65 6e 63 65  com/obsolescence
1af0: 2f 70 69 64 70 2d 38 29 20 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 61  /pidp-8) still a
1b00: 70 70 6c 69 65 73 20 74 6f 20 74 68 69 73 20 64  pplies to this d
1b10: 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74  istribution of t
1b20: 68 65 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 66 6f 72 20  he software for 
1b30: 74 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 2e 0d 0a 0d  the PiDP-8/I....
1b40: 0a 4f 75 72 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 68 61 73  .Our version has
1b50: 20 5b 6d 61 6e 79 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 66 65 61 74   [many more feat
1b60: 75 72 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 66 65  ures and many fe
1b70: 77 65 72 20 62 75 67 73 5d 5b 63 6c 5d 20 74 68  wer bugs][cl] th
1b80: 61 6e 20 4f 73 63 61 72 27 73 20 76 65 72 73 69  an Oscar's versi
1b90: 6f 6e 2c 20 62 75 74 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 65  on, but in the e
1ba0: 6e 64 2c 20 62 6f 74 68 20 64 6f 20 6d 6f 72 65  nd, both do more
1bb0: 20 6f 72 20 6c 65 73 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 61 6d   or less the sam
1bc0: 65 20 74 68 69 6e 67 2c 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74  e thing, so that
1bd0: 20 4f 73 63 61 72 27 73 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e   Oscar's documen
1be0: 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 61 70 70  tation still app
1bf0: 6c 69 65 73 20 66 61 69 72 6c 79 20 77 65 6c 6c  lies fairly well
1c00: 20 74 6f 20 6f 75 72 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 2e   to our version.
1c10: 20 54 68 65 20 70 72 69 6d 61 72 79 20 73 6f 75   The primary sou
1c20: 72 63 65 20 6f 66 20 64 69 73 63 72 65 70 61 6e  rce of discrepan
1c30: 63 69 65 73 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20 68 69 73  cies between his
1c40: 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61   documentation a
1c50: 6e 64 20 6f 75 72 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20  nd our software 
1c60: 73 74 65 6d 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 5b 66 69 6c 65 20  stem from [file 
1c70: 6e 61 6d 65 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 73 5d 28 2f 77  name changes](/w
1c80: 69 6b 69 3f 6e 61 6d 65 3d 4d 61 6a 6f 72 2b 44  iki?name=Major+D
1c90: 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 73 29 2e 20 46 6f 72  ifferences). For
1ca0: 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 69 6e 20 4f 73 63   example, in Osc
1cb0: 61 72 27 73 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 20 22 5b 48  ar's article "[H
1cc0: 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 50 69  ow to use the Pi
1cd0: 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 5d 28 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 6f  DP-8/I](http://o
1ce0: 62 73 6f 6c 65 73 63 65 6e 63 65 2e 77 69 78 73  bsolescence.wixs
1cf0: 69 74 65 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 6f 62 73 6f 6c 65 73 63  ite.com/obsolesc
1d00: 65 6e 63 65 2f 68 6f 77 2d 74 6f 2d 75 73 65 2d  ence/how-to-use-
1d10: 74 68 65 2d 70 69 64 70 2d 38 29 2c 22 20 74 68  the-pidp-8)," th
1d20: 65 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63  e only differenc
1d30: 65 20 49 20 73 65 65 20 69 6e 20 61 20 71 75 69  e I see in a qui
1d40: 63 6b 20 73 6b 69 6d 20 69 73 20 74 68 61 74 20  ck skim is that 
1d50: 79 6f 75 20 6e 6f 77 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20  you now have to 
1d60: 74 79 70 65 20 60 70 64 70 38 69 60 20 61 74 20  type `pdp8i` at 
1d70: 74 68 65 20 52 61 73 70 62 69 61 6e 20 63 6f 6d  the Raspbian com
1d80: 6d 61 6e 64 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 74 6f 20 61 74 74  mand line to att
1d90: 61 63 68 20 79 6f 75 72 20 74 65 72 6d 69 6e 61  ach your termina
1da0: 6c 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f  l to the PiDP-8/
1db0: 49 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 20 72 61 74 68  I simulator rath
1dc0: 65 72 20 74 68 61 6e 20 60 70 64 70 2e 73 68 60  er than `pdp.sh`
1dd0: 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 59 6f 75 20 61 72 65 20 61 6c 73  .....You are als
1de0: 6f 20 77 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 64 69 73  o welcome to dis
1df0: 63 75 73 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f  cuss this versio
1e00: 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f  n of the PiDP-8/
1e10: 49 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 6f 6e 20 5b 74  I software on [t
1e20: 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 6d 61 69 6c  he PiDP-8/I mail
1e30: 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 73 74 5d 28 67 72 6f 75 70 73  ing list](groups
1e40: 2e 67 6f 6f 67 6c 65 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 66 6f 72 75  .google.com/foru
1e50: 6d 2f 23 21 66 6f 72 75 6d 2f 70 69 64 70 2d 38  m/#!forum/pidp-8
1e60: 29 2c 20 68 6f 73 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 47 6f 6f  ), hosted by Goo
1e70: 67 6c 65 20 47 72 6f 75 70 73 2e 20 54 68 6f 73  gle Groups. Thos
1e80: 65 20 61 63 74 69 76 65 20 69 6e 20 69 74 73 20  e active in its 
1e90: 64 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 70 61 72 74  development part
1ea0: 69 63 69 70 61 74 65 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 61 6e  icipate there an
1eb0: 64 20 75 73 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 72 65 61 63 74 20  d usually react 
1ec0: 74 6f 20 70 6f 73 74 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74  to posts about t
1ed0: 68 69 73 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 71 75 69  his software qui
1ee0: 63 6b 6c 79 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 23 23 20 3c  ckly.......### <
1ef0: 61 20 6e 61 6d 65 3d 22 70 64 6f 63 22 3e 3c 2f  a name="pdoc"></
1f00: 61 3e 50 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 20 44 6f 63 75 6d 65  a>Project Docume
1f10: 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68 69 73 20  ntation....This 
1f20: 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74  software project
1f30: 20 68 61 73 20 69 74 73 20 6f 77 6e 20 64 6f 63   has its own doc
1f40: 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 74  umentation and t
1f50: 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 73 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20  utorials, which 
1f60: 49 27 76 65 20 63 6f 6c 6c 65 63 74 65 64 20 68  I've collected h
1f70: 65 72 65 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 6e 76 65 6e 69 65  ere for convenie
1f80: 6e 63 65 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 5b 54 68 65  nce:....*   [The
1f90: 20 74 6f 70 2d 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 52 45 41 44 4d   top-level READM
1fa0: 45 20 66 69 6c 65 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75  E file](/doc/tru
1fb0: 6e 6b 2f 52 45 41 44 4d 45 2e 6d 64 29 20 74 65  nk/README.md) te
1fc0: 6c 6c 73 20 68 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e 66 69  lls how to confi
1fd0: 67 75 72 65 2c 20 62 75 69 6c 64 2c 20 61 6e 64  gure, build, and
1fe0: 20 73 74 61 72 74 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65   start using the
1ff0: 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61   PiDP-8/I softwa
2000: 72 65 2e 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 6d 65  re. It is not me
2010: 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 72 65 70 6c 61 63 65 20 74  ant to replace t
2020: 68 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 72 65 73 6f 75 72 63  he other resourc
2030: 65 73 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 6f 6e  es available, on
2040: 6c 79 20 74 6f 20 67 69 76 65 20 61 20 66 61 73  ly to give a fas
2050: 74 2d 74 72 61 63 6b 20 67 75 69 64 65 20 74 6f  t-track guide to
2060: 20 73 6f 6d 65 6f 6e 65 20 67 65 74 74 69 6e 67   someone getting
2070: 20 73 74 61 72 74 65 64 2e 20 54 68 65 20 70 72   started. The pr
2080: 69 6d 61 72 79 20 62 69 74 20 6f 66 20 75 6e 69  imary bit of uni
2090: 71 75 65 20 69 6e 66 6f 20 69 74 20 70 72 65 73  que info it pres
20a0: 65 6e 74 73 20 69 73 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74  ents is document
20b0: 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 60 63 6f  ation of the `co
20c0: 6e 66 69 67 75 72 65 60 20 73 63 72 69 70 74 20  nfigure` script 
20d0: 66 6c 61 67 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 4f 6e  flags.....*   On
20e0: 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 60 63 6f 6e 66  e of those `conf
20f0: 69 67 75 72 65 60 20 73 63 72 69 70 74 20 66 6c  igure` script fl
2100: 61 67 73 20 69 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 69 63 61 74  ags is complicat
2110: 65 64 20 65 6e 6f 75 67 68 20 74 6f 20 64 65 73  ed enough to des
2120: 65 72 76 65 20 69 74 73 20 6f 77 6e 20 64 6f 63  erve its own doc
2130: 75 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 5b 60 2d 2d 74 68 72 6f 74  ument, [`--throt
2140: 74 6c 65 60 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b  tle`](/doc/trunk
2150: 2f 52 45 41 44 4d 45 2d 74 68 72 6f 74 74 6c 65  /README-throttle
2160: 2e 6d 64 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 54 68 65  .md).....*   The
2170: 20 5b 69 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69   [installation i
2180: 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 5d 28 2f 64 6f  nstructions](/do
2190: 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 4f 53 2d 69  c/trunk/doc/OS-i
21a0: 6d 61 67 65 73 2e 6d 64 29 20 65 78 70 6c 61 69  mages.md) explai
21b0: 6e 20 68 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 69 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c  n how to install
21c0: 20 74 68 65 20 5b 62 69 6e 61 72 79 20 4f 53 20   the [binary OS 
21d0: 69 6d 61 67 65 73 5d 28 23 62 6f 73 69 29 20 74  images](#bosi) t
21e0: 6f 20 61 6e 20 53 44 20 63 61 72 64 20 61 6e 64  o an SD card and
21f0: 20 67 65 74 20 73 74 61 72 74 65 64 20 77 69 74   get started wit
2200: 68 20 69 74 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 57 68 69  h it.....*   Whi
2210: 6c 65 20 62 75 69 6c 64 69 6e 67 20 79 6f 75 72  le building your
2220: 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 6d   PiDP-8/I, you m
2230: 61 79 20 72 75 6e 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 73 6f 6d 65  ay run into some
2240: 20 74 72 6f 75 62 6c 65 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 63   trouble which c
2250: 61 6e 20 62 65 20 64 69 61 67 6e 6f 73 65 64 20  an be diagnosed 
2260: 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 60 70 69 64 70 38 69 2d 74  by the `pidp8i-t
2270: 65 73 74 60 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 73 68 69  est` program shi
2280: 70 70 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 73 6f  pped with the so
2290: 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74  ftware distribut
22a0: 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 5b 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e  ion and [documen
22b0: 74 65 64 20 68 65 72 65 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74  ted here](/doc/t
22c0: 72 75 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 70 69 64 70 38 69 2d  runk/doc/pidp8i-
22d0: 74 65 73 74 2e 6d 64 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20  test.md).....*  
22e0: 20 5b 54 68 65 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 20 77 69   [The project wi
22f0: 6b 69 5d 28 2f 77 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 29 20 63  ki](/wcontent) c
2300: 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 73 20 73 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20  ontains several 
2310: 74 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 73 2c 20 64 65 73 69 67  tutorials, desig
2320: 6e 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 2c 20 65 74 63  n documents, etc
2330: 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 70 72 6f  .....*   The pro
2340: 6a 65 63 74 20 73 68 69 70 73 20 5b 73 65 76 65  ject ships [seve
2350: 72 61 6c 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 20 70 72 6f 67  ral example prog
2360: 72 61 6d 73 5d 28 2f 66 69 6c 65 2f 65 78 61 6d  rams](/file/exam
2370: 70 6c 65 73 29 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20  ples) for those 
2380: 77 68 6f 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 6c 65 61 72  who want to lear
2390: 6e 20 74 6f 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 68 65  n to program the
23a0: 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20   PDP-8. This is 
23b0: 6e 6f 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20  not meant to be 
23c0: 61 20 63 6f 6d 70 72 65 68 65 6e 73 69 76 65 20  a comprehensive 
23d0: 74 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 2c 20 62 75 74 20 6d 6f  tutorial, but mo
23e0: 72 65 20 74 6f 20 68 65 6c 70 20 79 6f 75 20 62  re to help you b
23f0: 72 69 64 67 65 20 74 68 65 20 67 61 70 20 69 6e  ridge the gap in
2400: 20 6d 61 74 65 72 69 61 6c 20 6d 65 61 6e 74 20   material meant 
2410: 66 6f 72 20 61 20 72 65 61 6c 20 50 44 50 2d 38  for a real PDP-8
2420: 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 77 6f 6e 27 74 20 74 61  , which won't ta
2430: 6c 6b 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 75 70  lk about the sup
2440: 65 72 69 6f 72 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 73 20 77 65  erior methods we
2450: 20 68 61 76 65 20 66 6f 72 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61   have for progra
2460: 6d 20 69 6e 70 75 74 20 6e 6f 77 3a 20 53 49 4d  m input now: SIM
2470: 48 20 62 6f 6f 74 20 73 63 72 69 70 74 73 2c 20  H boot scripts, 
2480: 63 6f 70 79 2d 70 61 73 74 65 20 76 69 61 20 53  copy-paste via S
2490: 53 48 2c 20 65 74 63 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20  SH, etc.....*   
24a0: 20 57 65 20 73 68 69 70 20 61 20 50 79 74 68 6f   We ship a Pytho
24b0: 6e 20 63 6c 61 73 73 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 60  n class called `
24c0: 73 69 6d 68 60 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f  simh` for contro
24d0: 6c 6c 69 6e 67 20 53 49 4d 48 20 61 6e 64 20 4f  lling SIMH and O
24e0: 53 2f 38 20 72 75 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 75 6e 64 65  S/8 running unde
24f0: 72 20 53 49 4d 48 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20  r SIMH from the 
2500: 68 6f 73 74 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 2e 20 53 65 65  host system. See
2510: 20 5b 69 74 73 20 74 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 5d 28   [its tutorial](
2520: 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 63  /doc/trunk/doc/c
2530: 6c 61 73 73 2d 73 69 6d 68 2e 6d 64 29 2e 0d 0a  lass-simh.md)...
2540: 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 5b  ..*   There is [
2550: 61 20 74 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 20 66 6f 72 20 74  a tutorial for t
2560: 68 65 20 44 43 50 20 64 69 73 61 73 73 65 6d 62  he DCP disassemb
2570: 6c 65 72 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f  ler](/doc/trunk/
2580: 64 6f 63 2f 64 63 70 5f 77 75 2e 6d 64 29 20 69  doc/dcp_wu.md) i
2590: 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20  nstalled on the 
25a0: 4f 53 2f 38 20 64 69 73 6b 20 70 61 63 6b 73 20  OS/8 disk packs 
25b0: 62 79 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a  by default.....*
25c0: 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 20 4f     The default O
25d0: 53 2f 38 20 62 6f 6f 74 20 64 69 73 6b 20 69 6e  S/8 boot disk in
25e0: 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f   the distributio
25f0: 6e 20 68 61 73 20 5b 6d 61 6e 79 20 70 61 74 63  n has [many patc
2600: 68 65 73 20 61 70 70 6c 69 65 64 5d 28 2f 64 6f  hes applied](/do
2610: 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 6f 73 38 2d  c/trunk/doc/os8-
2620: 70 61 74 63 68 69 6e 67 2e 6d 64 29 2c 20 77 68  patching.md), wh
2630: 69 63 68 20 61 72 65 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 62 65  ich are describe
2640: 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 6e 6b 65 64 20  d in the linked 
2650: 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 61 6c 6f 6e 67 20  document, along 
2660: 77 69 74 68 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e  with information
2670: 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 44 45 43 20 70   about the DEC p
2680: 61 74 63 68 65 73 20 77 65 20 68 61 76 65 20 63  atches we have c
2690: 68 6f 73 65 6e 20 2a 6e 6f 74 2a 20 74 6f 20 61  hosen *not* to a
26a0: 70 70 6c 79 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 54 68 65  pply.....*   The
26b0: 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 73 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20 64  re are several d
26c0: 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74  ocuments about t
26d0: 68 65 20 55 2f 57 20 46 4f 43 41 4c 20 56 34 45  he U/W FOCAL V4E
26e0: 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e   distribution in
26f0: 63 6c 75 64 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 74  cluded on the st
2700: 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 4f 53 2f 38 20 62 6f 6f 74  andard OS/8 boot
2710: 20 64 69 73 6b 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 79 6f 75   disk, which you
2720: 20 63 61 6e 20 66 69 6e 64 20 62 79 20 73 74 61   can find by sta
2730: 72 74 69 6e 67 20 77 69 74 68 20 6f 75 72 20 5b  rting with our [
2740: 55 2f 57 20 46 4f 43 41 4c 20 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c  U/W FOCAL manual
2750: 20 73 75 70 70 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 5d 28 2f 64 6f   supplement](/do
2760: 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 75 77 66 6f  c/trunk/doc/uwfo
2770: 63 61 6c 2d 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 2d 73 75 70 70 2e  cal-manual-supp.
2780: 6d 64 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 49 66 20 79  md).....*   If y
2790: 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20  ou want to know 
27a0: 77 68 61 74 20 68 61 73 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 64  what has changed
27b0: 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65   in the software
27c0: 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 4f 73 63 61 72 20 56 65 72   since Oscar Ver
27d0: 6d 65 75 6c 65 6e 27 73 20 6c 61 73 74 20 72 65  meulen's last re
27e0: 6c 65 61 73 65 20 6f 6e 20 32 30 31 35 2e 31 32  lease on 2015.12
27f0: 2e 31 35 2c 20 73 65 65 20 5b 74 68 65 20 43 68  .15, see [the Ch
2800: 61 6e 67 65 4c 6f 67 5d 5b 63 6c 5d 2e 0d 0a 0d  angeLog][cl]....
2810: 0a 2a 20 20 20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 77 6f 75  .*    If you wou
2820: 6c 64 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 74 6f 20 68 65 6c 70 20  ld like to help 
2830: 63 6f 6e 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 20 74 6f 20 74 68  contribute to th
2840: 65 20 64 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 6f 66  e development of
2850: 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 73 6f   the PiDP-8/I so
2860: 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 2c 20  ftware project, 
2870: 73 65 65 20 22 5b 48 61 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e  see "[Hacking on
2880: 20 74 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 53 6f   the PiDP-8/I So
2890: 66 74 77 61 72 65 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75  ftware](/doc/tru
28a0: 6e 6b 2f 48 41 43 4b 45 52 53 2e 6d 64 29 22 2e  nk/HACKERS.md)".
28b0: 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 4b 69 43 61  ....*   The KiCa
28c0: 64 20 5b 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 66 72 6f 6e  d [PiDP-8/I fron
28d0: 74 20 70 61 6e 65 6c 20 73 63 68 65 6d 61 74 69  t panel schemati
28e0: 63 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 68 61  c](/doc/trunk/ha
28f0: 72 64 77 61 72 65 2f 70 64 70 38 69 2f 73 63 68  rdware/pdp8i/sch
2900: 65 6d 61 74 69 63 2e 70 64 66 29 20 77 61 73 20  ematic.pdf) was 
2910: 63 6f 6e 76 65 72 74 65 64 20 74 6f 20 50 44 46  converted to PDF
2920: 20 62 79 20 54 6f 6e 79 20 48 69 6c 6c 2e 20 28   by Tony Hill. (
2930: 34 30 30 20 6b 42 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 41  400 kB)....*   A
2940: 72 65 20 79 6f 75 20 77 6f 6e 64 65 72 69 6e 67  re you wondering
2950: 20 77 68 6f 20 62 72 6f 75 67 68 74 20 61 6c 6c   who brought all
2960: 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72   of this softwar
2970: 65 2c 20 68 61 72 64 77 61 72 65 2c 20 61 6e 64  e, hardware, and
2980: 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 74   documentation t
2990: 6f 20 79 6f 75 3f 20 54 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 73  o you? That is s
29a0: 75 6d 6d 61 72 69 7a 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65  ummarized in the
29b0: 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 27 73 20 5b 61 75 74 68   project's [auth
29c0: 6f 72 73 20 66 69 6c 65 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f 74  ors file](/doc/t
29d0: 72 75 6e 6b 2f 41 55 54 48 4f 52 53 2e 6d 64 29  runk/AUTHORS.md)
29e0: 2e 20 54 68 6f 73 65 20 70 69 65 63 65 73 20 61  . Those pieces a
29f0: 72 65 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 64 20 77 69 74 68  re included with
2a00: 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 20 75 6e 64   the project und
2a10: 65 72 20 5b 61 20 76 61 72 69 65 74 79 20 6f 66  er [a variety of
2a20: 20 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 73 5d 28 2f 64 6f 63 2f   licenses](/doc/
2a30: 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 43 4f 50 59 49 4e 47 2e 6d 64  trunk/COPYING.md
2a40: 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 5b 63 6c 5d 3a 20 2f 64 6f 63  ).....[cl]: /doc
2a50: 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 43 68 61 6e 67 65 4c 6f 67  /trunk/ChangeLog
2a60: 2e 6d 64 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 23 23 20 3c 61 20  .md......### <a 
2a70: 6e 61 6d 65 3d 22 73 64 6f 63 22 3e 3c 2f 61 3e  name="sdoc"></a>
2a80: 53 49 4d 48 20 44 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69  SIMH Documentati
2a90: 6f 6e 0d 0a 0d 0a 54 68 65 20 50 69 44 50 2d 38  on....The PiDP-8
2aa0: 2f 49 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 70 72 6f 6a  /I software proj
2ab0: 65 63 74 20 69 73 20 62 61 73 65 64 20 6f 6e 20  ect is based on 
2ac0: 5b 74 68 65 20 61 63 74 69 76 65 6c 79 2d 64 65  [the actively-de
2ad0: 76 65 6c 6f 70 65 64 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20  veloped version 
2ae0: 6f 66 20 53 49 4d 48 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73 3a 2f  of SIMH](https:/
2af0: 2f 67 69 74 68 75 62 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 73 69 6d 68  /github.com/simh
2b00: 2f 73 69 6d 68 29 2e 20 28 41 73 20 6f 70 70 6f  /simh). (As oppo
2b10: 73 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 5b 6f 6c 64 20  sed to the [old 
2b20: 66 72 6f 7a 65 6e 20 53 49 4d 48 20 33 2e 39 20  frozen SIMH 3.9 
2b30: 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 5d 28 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f  version](http://
2b40: 73 69 6d 68 2e 74 72 61 69 6c 69 6e 67 2d 65 64  simh.trailing-ed
2b50: 67 65 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 29 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 73  ge.com/) which s
2b60: 74 69 6c 6c 20 63 6f 6d 65 73 20 75 70 20 68 69  till comes up hi
2b70: 67 68 20 69 6e 20 73 65 61 72 63 68 20 72 65 73  gh in search res
2b80: 75 6c 74 73 2e 29 20 54 68 61 74 20 70 72 6f 6a  ults.) That proj
2b90: 65 63 74 20 68 61 73 20 69 74 73 20 6f 77 6e 20  ect has its own 
2ba0: 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 62  documentation, b
2bb0: 75 74 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 6e 76 65 6e 69 65 6e  ut for convenien
2bc0: 63 65 20 49 27 76 65 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64  ce I've provided
2bd0: 20 50 44 46 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66   PDF versions of
2be0: 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 6c 65 76 61 6e 74 20 73 75   the relevant su
2bf0: 62 73 65 74 20 68 65 72 65 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20  bset here:....* 
2c00: 20 20 5b 53 49 4d 48 20 4d 61 69 6e 20 4d 61 6e    [SIMH Main Man
2c10: 75 61 6c 5d 28 2f 75 76 2f 64 6f 63 2f 73 69 6d  ual](/uv/doc/sim
2c20: 68 2f 6d 61 69 6e 2e 70 64 66 29 20 e2 80 94 20  h/main.pdf) — 
2c30: 49 66 20 79 6f 75 27 72 65 20 67 6f 69 6e 67 20  If you're going 
2c40: 74 6f 20 72 65 61 64 20 6f 72 20 6d 6f 64 69 66  to read or modif
2c50: 79 20 60 62 6f 6f 74 2f 2a 2e 73 63 72 69 70 74  y `boot/*.script
2c60: 60 2c 20 6f 72 20 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74  `, or you want t
2c70: 6f 20 67 69 76 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 73 20  o give commands 
2c80: 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 60 73 69 6d 3e 60 20 70 72  at the `sim>` pr
2c90: 6f 6d 70 74 20 79 6f 75 20 67 65 74 20 62 79 20  ompt you get by 
2ca0: 70 72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 43 74 72 6c 2d 45 20  pressing Ctrl-E 
2cb0: 66 72 6f 6d 20 77 69 74 68 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20  from within the 
2cc0: 50 69 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74  PiDP-8/I simulat
2cd0: 6f 72 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20  or, you need to 
2ce0: 72 65 61 64 20 74 68 69 73 20 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c  read this manual
2cf0: 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 5b 50 44 50 2d 38 20  .....*   [PDP-8 
2d00: 53 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 20 4d 61 6e 75 61 6c  Simulator Manual
2d10: 5d 28 2f 75 76 2f 64 6f 63 2f 73 69 6d 68 2f 70  ](/uv/doc/simh/p
2d20: 64 70 38 2e 70 64 66 29 20 e2 80 94 20 54 68 69  dp8.pdf) — Thi
2d30: 73 20 61 64 64 65 6e 64 75 6d 20 74 6f 20 74 68  s addendum to th
2d40: 65 20 6d 61 69 6e 20 53 49 4d 48 20 6d 61 6e 75  e main SIMH manu
2d50: 61 6c 20 63 6f 76 65 72 73 20 74 68 65 20 64 65  al covers the de
2d60: 74 61 69 6c 73 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 63 20 74  tails specific t
2d70: 6f 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 73 69 6d 75  o the PDP-8 simu
2d80: 6c 61 74 6f 72 2e 20 28 54 68 65 20 6d 61 69 6e  lator. (The main
2d90: 20 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 20 63 6f 76 65 72 73 20 66   manual covers f
2da0: 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 69 74 79 20 63 6f 6d  unctionality com
2db0: 6d 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 61 6c 6c 20 6f 66 20 74 68  mon to all of th
2dc0: 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 73 20 62 75 6e  e simulators bun
2dd0: 64 6c 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 53 49 4d 48 2e 29  dled with SIMH.)
2de0: 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 5b 53 49 4d 48 20 46 41  ....*   [SIMH FA
2df0: 51 5d 28 2f 75 76 2f 64 6f 63 2f 73 69 6d 68 2f  Q](/uv/doc/simh/
2e00: 66 61 71 2e 70 64 66 29 20 e2 80 94 20 46 72 65  faq.pdf) — Fre
2e10: 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 2d 61 73 6b 65 64 20 71 75  quently-asked qu
2e20: 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 53 49  estions about SI
2e30: 4d 48 2e 20 28 57 69 74 68 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72  MH. (With answer
2e40: 73 21 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 23 23 23 20 3c 61 20  s!)......### <a 
2e50: 6e 61 6d 65 3d 22 72 64 6f 63 22 3e 3c 2f 61 3e  name="rdoc"></a>
2e60: 52 61 72 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 44 6f 63 75 6d  Rare PDP-8 Docum
2e70: 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 0d 0a 57 68 69 6c  entation....Whil
2e80: 65 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e  e most of the in
2e90: 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20  formation about 
2ea0: 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 69 73 20 77 69 64  the PDP-8 is wid
2eb0: 65 6c 79 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 6f 6e  ely available on
2ec0: 20 74 68 65 20 49 6e 74 65 72 6e 65 74 20 61 6e   the Internet an
2ed0: 64 20 6d 61 79 20 74 68 75 73 20 62 65 20 65 61  d may thus be ea
2ee0: 73 69 6c 79 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 5b 62 79 20 47  sily found [by G
2ef0: 6f 6f 67 6c 69 6e 67 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73 3a 2f  oogling](https:/
2f00: 2f 77 77 77 2e 67 6f 6f 67 6c 65 2e 63 6f 6d 2f  /www.google.com/
2f10: 73 65 61 72 63 68 3f 71 3d 70 64 70 2d 38 29 2c  search?q=pdp-8),
2f20: 20 77 65 20 68 61 76 65 20 61 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c   we have a small
2f30: 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 20 64 6f 63 75 6d   number of docum
2f40: 65 6e 74 73 20 68 65 72 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 61  ents here that a
2f50: 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 73 6f 20 65 61 73 79 20 74  re not so easy t
2f60: 6f 20 63 6f 6d 65 20 62 79 2c 20 70 6c 75 73 20  o come by, plus 
2f70: 73 6f 6d 65 20 6c 69 6e 6b 73 20 74 68 61 74 20  some links that 
2f80: 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 73 65 65 6d 20 74 6f 20 63 6f  don't seem to co
2f90: 6d 65 20 75 70 20 61 73 20 68 69 67 68 20 69 6e  me up as high in
2fa0: 20 47 6f 6f 67 6c 65 20 73 65 61 72 63 68 65 73   Google searches
2fb0: 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 79 20 6f 75 67 68 74 20 74   as they ought t
2fc0: 6f 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 44 45 43 27 73 20  o:....*   DEC's 
2fd0: 31 39 36 39 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 5b 53 79  1969 edition [Sy
2fe0: 73 74 65 6d 20 55 73 65 72 27 73 20 47 75 69 64  stem User's Guid
2ff0: 65 5d 28 2f 75 76 2f 64 6f 63 2f 70 64 70 38 69  e](/uv/doc/pdp8i
3000: 2d 73 75 67 2e 70 64 66 29 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68  -sug.pdf) for th
3010: 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 66 61 6d 69 6c 79 20 63  e PDP-8 family c
3020: 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 73 2c 20 74 68 65 20 70 69  omputers, the pi
3030: 6e 6e 61 63 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 77 68 69 63 68 20  nnacle of which 
3040: 77 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20  was the PDP-8/I 
3050: 61 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 69 6d 65 2e 20 44 45  at that time. DE
3060: 43 20 70 75 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 6d 61 6e 79  C published many
3070: 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69   editions of thi
3080: 73 20 67 75 69 64 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65  s guide, and the
3090: 20 6e 65 77 65 72 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 20   newer versions 
30a0: 63 6f 6d 65 20 75 70 20 66 61 72 20 6d 6f 72 65  come up far more
30b0: 20 66 72 65 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 69 6e 20 77   frequently in w
30c0: 65 62 20 73 65 61 72 63 68 65 73 2c 20 62 75 74  eb searches, but
30d0: 20 74 68 65 79 27 72 65 20 6f 66 74 65 6e 20 6e   they're often n
30e0: 6f 74 20 4f 43 52 27 64 20 28 77 68 65 72 65 61  ot OCR'd (wherea
30f0: 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 69  s this version i
3100: 73 29 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 79 20 74 65 6e 64  s) and they tend
3110: 20 74 6f 20 66 6f 63 75 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65   to focus on the
3120: 20 6e 65 77 65 72 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 6d 6f 64   newer PDP-8 mod
3130: 65 6c 73 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20  els which don't 
3140: 61 70 70 6c 79 20 65 6e 74 69 72 65 6c 79 20 74  apply entirely t
3150: 6f 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 2e 0d 0a  o the PDP-8/I...
3160: 0d 0a 2a 20 20 20 44 45 43 27 73 20 31 39 37 33  ..*   DEC's 1973
3170: 20 5b 53 6d 61 6c 6c 20 43 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72   [Small Computer
3180: 20 48 61 6e 64 62 6f 6f 6b 5d 28 68 74 74 70 73   Handbook](https
3190: 3a 2f 2f 61 72 63 68 69 76 65 2e 6f 72 67 2f 64  ://archive.org/d
31a0: 65 74 61 69 6c 73 2f 62 69 74 73 61 76 65 72 73  etails/bitsavers
31b0: 5f 64 65 63 70 64 70 38 68 61 6e 48 61 6e 64 62  _decpdp8hanHandb
31c0: 6f 6f 6b 31 39 37 33 5f 37 39 36 37 31 37 31 31  ook1973_79671711
31d0: 29 2c 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 77 68 65 6e 20  ), because when 
31e0: 64 65 61 6c 69 6e 67 20 77 69 74 68 20 53 49 4d  dealing with SIM
31f0: 48 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 61 63 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 20  H, you actually 
3200: 2a 77 61 6e 74 2a 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 61  *want* documenta
3210: 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 65  tion of the newe
3220: 72 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 50 44 50 2d  r models of PDP-
3230: 38 2c 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 53 49 4d 48 20 73 69  8, since SIMH si
3240: 6d 75 6c 61 74 65 73 20 61 20 66 61 69 72 6c 79  mulates a fairly
3250: 20 74 72 69 63 6b 65 64 2d 6f 75 74 20 6c 61 74   tricked-out lat
3260: 65 2d 6d 6f 64 65 6c 20 50 44 50 2d 38 3b 20 74  e-model PDP-8; t
3270: 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 20 65 61 73 79 20  here is no easy 
3280: 77 61 79 20 74 6f 20 72 65 73 74 72 69 63 74 20  way to restrict 
3290: 53 49 4d 48 20 74 6f 20 73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 20  SIMH to support 
32a0: 6f 6e 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65  only the feature
32b0: 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 65 78 69 73 74 65 64 20 61  s that existed a
32c0: 74 20 74 68 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68  t the time of th
32d0: 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 2e 20 46 6f 72 20 65  e PDP-8/I. For e
32e0: 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 53 49 4d 48 27 73 20 50  xample, SIMH's P
32f0: 44 50 2d 38 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 20 77  DP-8 simulator w
3300: 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 20 5b 6d 6f 64  ill process [mod
3310: 65 20 42 20 45 41 45 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74  e B EAE instruct
3320: 69 6f 6e 73 5d 28 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 68 6f 6d  ions](http://hom
3330: 65 70 61 67 65 2e 64 69 76 6d 73 2e 75 69 6f 77  epage.divms.uiow
3340: 61 2e 65 64 75 2f 7e 6a 6f 6e 65 73 2f 70 64 70  a.edu/~jones/pdp
3350: 38 2f 72 65 66 63 61 72 64 2f 37 34 2e 68 74 6d  8/refcard/74.htm
3360: 6c 29 20 69 6e 74 72 6f 64 75 63 65 64 20 69 6e  l) introduced in
3370: 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 65 2c 20 77 65   the PDP-8/e, we
3380: 6c 6c 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50  ll after the PDP
3390: 2d 38 2f 49 20 63 61 6d 65 20 6f 75 74 20 77 69  -8/I came out wi
33a0: 74 68 20 69 74 73 20 6c 65 73 73 20 66 75 6e 63  th its less func
33b0: 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 45 41 45 20 6f 70 74 69 6f  tional EAE optio
33c0: 6e 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 59 6f 75 20 6d 61  n.....    You ma
33d0: 79 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 73 70 6c 69 74 20  y want to split 
33e0: 74 68 65 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 62  the difference b
33f0: 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 74 77 6f  etween these two
3400: 20 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74   documents and t
3410: 72 79 20 74 6f 20 66 69 6e 64 20 61 20 31 39 36  ry to find a 196
3420: 38 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65  8 edition of the
3430: 20 53 6d 61 6c 6c 20 43 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 20   Small Computer 
3440: 48 61 6e 64 62 6f 6f 6b 2e 20 54 68 65 20 63 6c  Handbook. The cl
3450: 6f 73 65 73 74 20 49 27 6d 20 61 77 61 72 65 20  osest I'm aware 
3460: 6f 66 20 6f 6e 6c 69 6e 65 20 69 73 20 74 68 65  of online is the
3470: 20 5b 31 39 36 37 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 5d 28   [1967 edition](
3480: 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 62 69 74 73 61 76 65 72 73  http://bitsavers
3490: 2e 6f 72 67 2f 70 64 66 2f 64 65 63 2f 70 64 70  .org/pdf/dec/pdp
34a0: 38 2f 68 61 6e 64 62 6f 6f 6b 73 2f 53 6d 61 6c  8/handbooks/Smal
34b0: 6c 43 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 48 61 6e 64 62 6f 6f  lComputerHandboo
34c0: 6b 5f 36 37 2d 36 38 2e 70 64 66 29 20 77 68 69  k_67-68.pdf) whi
34d0: 63 68 20 6d 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 74 68 65 20  ch mentions the 
34e0: 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 49 20 69 6e 73 69 64 65 2c 20  PDP-8/I inside, 
34f0: 62 75 74 20 73 68 6f 77 73 20 74 68 65 20 6f 72  but shows the or
3500: 69 67 69 6e 61 6c 20 50 44 50 2d 38 20 22 53 74  iginal PDP-8 "St
3510: 72 61 69 67 68 74 20 45 69 67 68 74 22 20 61 6e  raight Eight" an
3520: 64 20 61 20 50 44 50 2d 38 2f 53 20 6f 6e 20 74  d a PDP-8/S on t
3530: 68 65 20 63 6f 76 65 72 2e 20 49 20 61 73 73 75  he cover. I assu
3540: 6d 65 20 69 74 20 77 61 73 20 77 72 69 74 74 65  me it was writte
3550: 6e 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d  n while the PDP-
3560: 38 2f 49 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e 20 77 61 73 20 62  8/I design was b
3570: 65 69 6e 67 20 66 69 6e 61 6c 69 7a 65 64 2c 20  eing finalized, 
3580: 73 6f 20 69 74 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 66 61 69  so it may be fai
3590: 72 6c 79 20 61 63 63 75 72 61 74 65 2c 20 61 6e  rly accurate, an
35a0: 64 20 69 74 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 66 75 6c 6c  d it may be full
35b0: 20 6f 66 20 62 75 67 73 3b 20 49 20 63 6f 75 6c   of bugs; I coul
35c0: 64 6e 27 74 20 73 61 79 2e 20 49 20 68 61 70 70  dn't say. I happ
35d0: 65 6e 20 74 6f 20 68 61 76 65 20 68 65 72 65 20  en to have here 
35e0: 61 20 70 61 70 65 72 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6f 66 20  a paper copy of 
35f0: 74 68 65 20 31 39 36 38 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f 6e  the 1968 edition
3600: 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20  , which you can 
3610: 74 65 6c 6c 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 31 39  tell from the 19
3620: 36 37 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 79 20 74 68  67 edition by th
3630: 65 20 5b 79 65 6c 6c 6f 77 2d 67 72 65 65 6e 20  e [yellow-green 
3640: 74 68 65 6d 65 64 20 63 6f 76 65 72 5d 28 2f 64  themed cover](/d
3650: 6f 63 2f 74 72 75 6e 6b 2f 64 6f 63 2f 64 65 63  oc/trunk/doc/dec
3660: 2d 73 63 68 2d 70 64 70 38 69 2d 31 39 36 38 2e  -sch-pdp8i-1968.
3670: 6a 70 67 29 20 28 4a 50 45 47 2c 20 34 37 33 26  jpg) (JPEG, 473&
3680: 6e 62 73 70 3b 6b 42 29 20 73 68 6f 77 69 6e 67  nbsp;kB) showing
3690: 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 72 61   the standard ra
36a0: 63 6b 2d 6d 6f 75 6e 74 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 72  ck-mounted and r
36b0: 61 72 65 20 63 6f 6e 73 6f 6c 65 20 76 65 72 73  are console vers
36c0: 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 50 44 50 2d 38  ion of the PDP-8
36d0: 2f 49 2e 0a 5a 20 33 64 32 34 30 39 34 37 33 62  /I..Z 3d2409473b
36e0: 62 65 37 38 38 30 36 31 37 35 30 64 32 66 63 34  be788061750d2fc4
36f0: 34 35 31 38 65 39 0a                             4518e9.